chauviere



L. CHAUVIEHE.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14. 1918- 1L ,fiflfi, 1 6%, I Patented July 1, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Fi'gj a J a M L. CHAUVIERE.

AEROPLANE.

APPLIQATION FILED MAR. 14. I913.

1 3% 1 6%. Patented July 1, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. CHAUWERE AER'OPLANE.

APPLICATION man MAR. 14. I913.

1 fifi 1 64 Patented July 1, 71919' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LUCIEN CHAUVIEBE, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO SOCIETE ANONYME LHELICE INTEGRALE (ANCIENS ETABLISSEMENTS L. CHAUVIERE), OF PARIS, FRANCE.

AEROPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 1, 1919.

To all whom it may concern Be it'known that I, .LUCIEN CHAUvInRn, a citizen of the Republic of France, residmg in Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes. of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide aeroplanes with variable carrying surface, the variations serving to reduce the speed of the areoplane, for instance, on landing, or to obtain a greater carrying surface Where necessary, for example, when it is required to make a rapid ascent, or to rise with a heavier load.

It is known that when a surface is struck by an air current the pressure exercised by the air on the said surface at a given speed and angle of incidence is proportional to that surface. If such surface, instead of being immovable, be rotated around an axis passing through its mid part the effective pressure exercised by the air on such surface increases with its speed of rotation.

I will describe this invention with reference to the accompanying drawings from which both its nature and how it may be performed, will be understood.

Figure 1 is a plan viewof the rotary aeroplane surface, herein referred to.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of an aeroplane,

provlded with the rotary. sustaining surfaces shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, show- .ing the rotary sustaining surfaces differently arranged.

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the machine having "the rotary sustainingsurfaces and omitting the usual fixed su-stalnmg surface. Fi 5 is a detailed view of a wind motor and iraking means. Fig. 6 is a detailed view showing means for immobilizing the rotary sustaining surfaces."

-Accordin to this invention there is arranged on file aeroplane, one, or more than one, surface blades, or auxiliary planes a Fig. 1, (which I will refer to as the auxiliary plane, or planes), capable of turning upon an axis 6 normal to the said auxiliary plane, or planes, at but inclined relatively to the longitudinal axis of the aeroplane at an angle corresponding to the incidence of the auxiliary plane, or planes (2, so that the car rying capacity of this plane, or these planes,

will vary according to whether it, or they, be

not rotated, or be rotated and then according to the speed of rotation.

These auxiliary plane, or planes, may normally be not rotating and when it becomes necessary, for examp e, for one of the aforesaid reasons, to increase the carrying surface the pilot will put the said plane, or planes, into rotation and then the resistance of the air will increase according to the speed imparted to the said plane, or planes. The aeroplane will thus have what may be regarded as a false surface, or false surfaces, producing the same effect as a realsurface, or surfaces, the effect being variable according to the speed of rotation of the said auxiliary plane, or planes.

This system of auxiliary plane, or planes, may be combined with fixed ordinary supporting surfaces as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, or the usual carrying surfaces, may be completely removed and replaced by an auxiliary plane, or auxiliary planes, as indicated in Fig. 4.

In Figs. 2 and 3, 0, represents the ordinary fixed support surfaces and in Fi s. 2, 3 and 4 a, represents the movable auxifiary plane, or planes, while d, represents the motor of the propeller e. The said motor may operate the auxiliary plane, or planes, a, whose normal axis of rotation is inclined relatively to the longitudinal axis of the aeroplane at the angle of incidence of the so-called false surface, or surfaces, engendered by the auxiliary plane, or planes, at and indicated by the ellipses f, in Fig. 2. This operation may be effected, for example, by a shaft indicated at 9, parallel with the axis 6 and by chain, or cable, transmissions h.

In the arrangement in Fig. 4. the apparatus will be almost invisible at a relatively slight altitude.

The rotation of the auxiliary plane, or planes, a may be efl'ected by any other suitable means than the auxiliary motor referred to above, such, for example, as a screw propeller, or sails acted upon by the wind or air current caused by the aeroplane in which case it will be necessary, in order to obtain the desired variations of speed, to apply a brake to the shaft of the propeller for example, by a device such as is shown in Fig. 5, in whichthe shaft 2'', of this propeller n carries a geared pump j, which will constantly work in close circuit, a valve m on the pipes Z enabling the resistance of the lllll circuit to be increased, or diminished and thereby the work absorbed by the pump,

varied, so that the power transmitted to the auxiliary plane, or planes, will only be the difference between that developed by the propeller n and that absorbed by the pump j.

It may be advantageous to fix the auxiliary plane, or planes, at rest in'such a position that it ofi'ers, or they ofier, the minimum of resistance to the advance. For this purpose the shaft b of the auxiliary plane a (Fig. 6) is shown cranked at p, g, and opcrates, through the connecting rod 1', jointed at s, to a fork I? acted upon by a spring to which tends to bring it to the position represented in Fig. 6, in which position the said fork It bears upon the head 2) of a rod as shown and moves the connectin rod '1", and therefore the plane a, into the esired positions. The fork t straddles the rod carrying the head 42 and is movable independently thereof. When it is required to rotate the plane a, the actuating stem to will be drawn over which will move the fork t toward the connecting rod 1, which, being thus liberated will allow the plane a, to make the required movement of rotation when power is applied to the shaft 1) to drive said shaft 1).

The auxiliary plane a, applied according to this invention, is not a screw propeller, although it may have the external appearance of one, but it differs from a screw propeller in having no screw, or twist.

What I claim is 1. An aeroplane comprising a substantially fiat surface of greater" width than length, said surface being rotatably mounted in a plane slightly inclmed to the horizontal plane of the aeroplane, said plane, in its rotation, approximating, in proportion to its speed, the efi'ectiveness ofa plane of an area corresponding to that comprised within the circumference described by the tips of the rotating plane.

2. An aeroplane comprising a substanmesses tially fiat surface of greater width than length, said surface being rotatably mounted in a plane slightly inclined to the horizontal plane of the aeroplane, said plane, in its rotation, approximating, in proportion to its speed, the effectiveness of a plane of an area corresponding to that comprised within the circiunference described by the tips of the rotating plane, and means for rotating said plane.

3. An aeroplane comprising ordinary sustaining surfaces having an angle of incidence with respect to the horizontal plane of the aeroplane, and an auxiliary plane comprising a substantially fiat surface of greater width than length, said surface being rotatably mounted in a plane slightly inclined to the horizontal plane of the aeroplane, said plane, in its rotation, approximating, in proportion to its speed, the effectiveness of a plane of an area corresponding to that comprised within the circumference described by the tips of the rotating plane.

4. An aeroplane comprising ordinary sustaining surfaces having an angle of incidence with respect to the horizontal plane of the aeroplane, and an auxiliary plane comprising a substantially fiat surface of greater width than length, said surface being rotatably mounted in a plane slightly inclined to the horizontal plane of the aeroplane, said plane, in its rotation, approximatlng, in proportion to its speed, the effectiveness of a plane of an area correspond ing to that comprised within the circumference .described by the tips of the rotating plane, and means for rotatin said plane.

In witness whereof, I have ereunto si ed my name in the presence of two subscri ing witnesses.

LUCIEN GHAUVIERE. Witnesses:

CHAS. P. PImssLY, HENRI CARTIER. 

